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        <p>&amp; — 
      Bitwise AND operator.
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp88841776"></a>
        <h2>Description</h2>
        <p>
      The bitwise operators perform operations of bitwise AND, bitwise
    OR, bitwise NOT and bitwise non-equivalence. 
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp88896368"></a>
        <h2>Syntax</h2>
        <pre class="synopsis">a <span class="command"><strong>&amp;</strong></span> b  (bitwise AND)</pre>
        <p>
      where the arguments <span class="emphasis"><em>a</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>b</em></span> may be further expressions.  They are
    converted to the nearest integer to machine precision and then the
    operation is performed.
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp88899936"></a>
        <h2>Performance</h2>
        <p>
    The priority of these operators is less binding that the
    arithmetic ones, but more binding that the comparisons. 
    </p>
        <p>
      Parentheses may be used as above to force particular groupings.
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp88901744"></a>
        <h2>Examples</h2>
        <p>
      Here is an example of the bitwise AND and OR operators. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/bitwise.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">bitwise.csd</em></a>.
      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp88903616"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 37. Example of the bitwise operators.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>

<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
iresultOr <span class="op">=</span> p4 <span class="op">|</span> p5
iresultAnd <span class="op">=</span> p4 <span class="op">&amp;</span> p5
<span class="opc">prints</span> "<span class="op">%</span><span class="opc">i</span> <span class="op">|</span> <span class="op">%</span><span class="opc">i</span>  <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">%</span>i\\n", p4, p5, iresultOr
<span class="opc">prints</span> "<span class="op">%</span><span class="opc">i</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="op">%</span><span class="opc">i</span>  <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">%</span>i\\n", p4, p5, iresultAnd
<span class="oblock">endin</span>


<span class="oblock">instr</span> 2 <span class="comment">; decimal to binary converter</span>
Sbinary <span class="op">=</span> ""
inumbits <span class="op">=</span> 8
icount <span class="opc">init</span> inumbits <span class="op">-</span> 1

<span class="olabel">pass</span><span class="op">:</span>

	ivalue <span class="op">=</span> 2 <span class="op">^</span> icount
	<span class="octrl">if</span> (p4 <span class="op">&amp;</span> ivalue <span class="op">&gt;=</span> ivalue) then
		Sdigit <span class="op">=</span> "1"
	<span class="octrl">else</span>
		Sdigit <span class="op">=</span> "0"
	<span class="octrl">endif</span>
	Sbinary <span class="opc">strcat</span> Sbinary, Sdigit

<span class="octrl">loop_ge</span> icount, 1, 0, <span class="olabel">pass</span>

Stext <span class="opc">sprintf</span> "<span class="op">%</span><span class="opc">i</span> is <span class="op">%</span>s <span class="opc">in</span> binary\\n", p4, Sbinary
<span class="opc">prints</span> Stext
<span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 0.1  1  2
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 +  .   1  3
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 +  .   2  4
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 +  .   3  10

<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 2 0.1   12
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 +  .    9
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 +  .    15
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 +  .    49

<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
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        <p><br class="example-break" />
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        <h2>See Also</h2>
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      <a class="link" href="opbitor.html" title="|"><em class="citetitle">|</em></a>, 
      <a class="link" href="opnonequiv.html" title="#"><em class="citetitle">#</em></a>, 
      <a class="link" href="opbitnot.html" title="¬"><em class="citetitle">¬</em></a>
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